Nr 1 (7) 2011

Social Pol­icy

MEDICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF AGEING IN POLAND. POLSENIOR

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Table of Con­tents 1/2011 Eng­lish Edition

FROM THE EDITOR — Piotr Błę­dowski

PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND ASSUMPTIONS — Mał­gorzata Mossakowska, Alek­san­dra Szy­bal­ska, Piotr Błę­dowski
BASIC INDICES CONCERNING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SURVEY -Ewa Piechór, Adam Manikowski, Mał­gorzata Mossakowska, Tomasz Zdro­jew­ski
THE FORMS OF FAMILY LIFE AMONG OLDER PEOPLE — Bar­bara Szatur-Jaworska
POLISH SENIOR CITIZENS’ OPINION CONCERNING OLD AGE AND PREPARING FOR IT — Mał­gorzata Hal­icka, Jerzy Hal­icki
ELDERLY PATIENTS SATISFACTION WITH MEDICAL SERVICES — Beata Tobiasz-Adamczyk, Piotr Brzyski, Alek­sander Gałaś, Piotr Błę­dowski, Tomasz Grodz­icki
THE ECONOMIC SITUATION AND THE CARE NEEDS OF OLDER PERSONS IN POLAND — Piotr Błę­dowski
HOUSING CONDITIONS OF POLISH SENIOR CITIZENS IN THE LIGHT OF SOCIOLOGICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL STUDY IN THE POLSENIOR PROJECT — Adam Bar­toszek, Elż­bi­eta Niez­abitowska, Beata Kucharczyk-Brus, Marek Niez­abitowski
PHYSICAL RECREATION IN THE RELATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL EFFICIENCY AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE — Rafał Row­iński, Andrzej Dąbrowski
SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE HEALTH CONDITION AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE — Lud­miła Waszkiewicz, Katarzyna Połtyn-Zaradna, Jakub Ein­horn, Dag­mara Gaweł-Dąbrowska, Bar­bara Grabowska, Katarzyna Zatońska

FROM THE EDITOR
Piotr Błę­dowski (War­saw Scool of Eco­nom­ics, Insti­tute od Labour and Social Stud­ies in War­saw)
We hereby present to the Reader a pub­li­ca­tion which brings the first results of the social part of a research study titled Med­ical, psy­cho­log­i­cal, soci­o­log­i­cal and eco­nomic aspects of age­ing in Poland, which is just approach­ing com­ple­tion. The pro­gramme, already known as PolSe­nior, was imple­mented between 2007 and 2011 by a research con­sor­tium made up of over 40 research insti­tu­tions: uni­ver­si­ties and research insti­tutes. Cer­tainly, the most impor­tant objec­tive of the project com­mis­sioned by the Min­istry of Sci­ence and Higher Edu­ca­tion was to describe the social and health-related sit­u­a­tion of the elderly in Poland, to define the needs that fol­low and to iden­tify the result­ing con­clu­sions for the activ­i­ties of pub­lic admin­is­tra­tion. This objec­tive involved the imple­men­ta­tion of a study which was meant to be not only very wide in its scope, but also inter­dis­ci­pli­nary in nature, which was nec­es­sary for all the most impor­tant aspects of the age­ing process in con­tem­po­rary soci­ety to be taken into account. The imple­men­ta­tion of the study, there­fore, required the cre­ation of a spe­cial con­sor­tium selected from authors of the best pro­pos­als. The strong point of the PolSe­nior pro­gramme con­sor­tium proved to be the diver­sity of research approaches and par­tic­u­lar objec­tives along­side with the readi­ness and abil­ity to find such solu­tions as would allow for the objec­tives of the entire study to be imple­mented and for the most impor­tant ele­ments of the pro­pos­als of each of the insti­tu­tions par­tic­i­pat­ing in the study to be taken into con­sid­er­a­tion. It will not be an exag­ger­a­tion to say that a large, com­pe­tent team of researchers was estab­lished, who — dur­ing numer­ous dis­cus­sions — pre­pared a pro­gramme for the new study, planned its imple­men­ta­tion, and elab­o­rated tailor-made research tools. The dis­tinc­tive fea­ture of this research project was not only the size and struc­ture of the research team, but also the very scale of the study: it involved nearly 5700 per­sons. In a num­ber of aspects, the PolSe­nior project referred to research on old age car­ried out in Poland before. A par­tic­u­larly large num­ber of those stud­ies were med­ical or bio­log­i­cal in nature, yet owing to the nature of the book­let pre­sented here one can­not fail to men­tion the first all-Poland study. Although it cov­ered med­ical issues to a lim­ited extent, it paid a lot of atten­tion to social issues. The study in ques­tion was car­ried out between 1966 and 1967 by a team at the Insti­tute of Social Econ­omy at the War­saw School of Eco­nom­ics (then the Cen­tral School of Plan­ning and Sta­tis­tics) led by Pro­fes­sor Jerzy Piotrowski. The book which sum­ma­rized the results of that study (Miejsce człowieka starego w rodzinie i społeczeńst­wie — The Place of the Old Per­son in Fam­ily and Soci­ety) became the most impor­tant pub­li­ca­tion in Pol­ish social geron­tol­ogy for many years to come. 35 years later, on the ini­tia­tive of the Pol­ish Soci­ety of Geron­tol­ogy and its Pres­i­dent at that time, Pro­fes­sor Woj­ciech Pędich, with the sup­port of the State Com­mit­tee for Sci­en­tific Research, a project was imple­mented which made a ref­er­ence to the research of J. Piotrowski. The head of the research team, Pro­fes­sor Brunon Synak, titled the pub­li­ca­tion with the results of the study Pol­ska starość (Pol­ish Old Age). Both these stud­ies had sig­nif­i­cant impact on the scope of issues cov­ered by the PolSe­nior project. The present book­let con­tains selected infor­ma­tion obtained from the PolSe­nior project dur­ing the analy­sis of social and eco­nomic issues. It is com­posed of two stud­ies which pro­vide more details con­cern­ing project objec­tives and meth­ods, and basic indi­ca­tors. These arti­cles should make it evi­dent to the Reader how elab­o­rate and com­pre­hen­sive was the project just com­pleted. The texts that fol­low con­cern the family-related sit­u­a­tion and the forms of fam­ily life of the elderly, how they per­ceive old age and how they are pre­pared for it, as well as the eval­u­a­tion of the use of health ser­vices. These arti­cles demon­strate very well how the pic­tures of old age and forms of fam­ily life have been chang­ing and how the elderly are more and more often aware of being cus­tomers of the social wel­fare sys­tem rather than just pas­sive recip­i­ents of ben­e­fits. The sub­se­quent part of the book­let con­tains infor­ma­tion con­cern­ing the eco­nomic sit­u­a­tion and the need for wel­fare ben­e­fits, an eval­u­a­tion of the liv­ing con­di­tions of the elderly, of their phys­i­cal and recre­ational activ­ity, as well as the results of research con­cern­ing the self-evaluation of their health con­di­tion and the qual­ity of life. All of the arti­cles pro­vide inter­est­ing results which deny the com­mon stereo­types, accord­ing to which an elderly per­son is sickly, con­cen­trated on one­self and, above all, inclined to for­mu­late neg­a­tive judge­ments con­cern­ing his or her sit­u­a­tion and there­fore to express claims addressed at soci­ety and the state. We prob­a­bly face the need to rein­ter­pret old age, to dis­cuss the new def­i­n­i­tion of its bound­ary, and most impor­tantly — to take up an all-society dis­cus­sion on the place of the elderly in local com­mu­ni­ties and on the pol­icy in respect of pop­u­la­tion age­ing. The Euro­pean Year of Vol­un­teers, which is com­ing to an end, and the upcom­ing Euro­pean Year for Active Age­ing and Sol­i­dar­ity between Gen­er­a­tions make it eas­ier to notice the elderly as active par­tic­i­pants of social life, for exam­ple vol­un­teers or stu­dents of uni­ver­si­ties of the third age. They are bet­ter and bet­ter edu­cated, they are becom­ing more con­scious con­sumers, and increas­ingly often they par­tic­i­pate them­selves in the pro­vi­sion of ser­vices, not only to the clos­est fam­ily envi­ron­ment. It is time to notice this change, to sup­port it and to draw con­clu­sions for and in the inter­est of the entire soci­ety. I am con­vinced that the PolSe­nior project pro­vides argu­ments in favour of intro­duc­ing com­pre­hen­sive and mul­ti­di­men­sional poli­cies in respect of pop­u­la­tion age­ing in Poland. I would also like to take advan­tage of the oppor­tu­nity to thank the entire Research Team for the effort, for the oppor­tu­nity to coop­er­ate and for the plea­sure of that cooperation.

CONTRIBUTORS

ADAM BARTOSZEK Ph.D., asso­ciate pro­fes­sor at the Uni­ver­sity of Sile­sia in Katow­ice and Katow­ice School of Eco­nom­ics. His sci­en­tific out­put con­sists of pub­li­ca­tions within the range of soci­ol­ogy of orga­ni­za­tion and man­age­ment, the the­ory of social struc­tures, social prob­lems of a city, research into social and cul­tural cap­i­tals, regional iden­tity and social per­son­al­ity, method­ol­ogy of mar­ket­ing and pub­lic opin­ion research. He is the author and co-author of ten books, includ­ing such titles as: Social cre­ation of per­son­al­ity. The out­line of soci­o­log­i­cal the­o­ries of per­son­al­ity (1994), The social-cultural cap­i­tal of young intel­li­gentsia and the demands towards the mar­ket (2003); The iden­tity of the young Sile­sians. Between local­ity and Euro­peanism (2009), together with T. Nawrocki and J. Kijonka-Niezabitowska.

PIOTR BŁĘDOWSKI - Ph.D., an econ­o­mist, geron­tol­o­gist, expert for Social Pol­icy, pro­fes­sor at the War­saw School of Eco­nom­ics and in the Insti­tute of Labour and Social Stud­ies. Author of ca. 200 pub­li­ca­tions (among oth­ers Local social pol­icy towards elderly peo­ple and — together with B. Szatur-Jaworska and M. Dzięgielewska — Basics of social geron­tol­ogy, the first hand­book in this area in Poland). Leader of the project and head of the Sci­en­tific Com­mit­tee of con­sor­tium of the project PolSe­nior, pres­i­dent of the Pol­ish Soci­ety of Gerontology.

PIOTR BRZYSKI - Ph.D., a sta­tis­ti­cian, employed in Depart­ment of Med­ical Soci­ol­ogy Chair of Epi­demi­ol­ogy and Pre­ven­tive Med­i­cine Jagiel­lon­ian Uni­ver­sity Med­icall Col­lege in Kraków. He par­tic­i­pates in stud­ies on health sta­tus and health-related qual­ity of life of older peo­ple. He is an author or co-author of almost 50 papers. He is Inter­ested mainly in stud­ies on valid­ity and reli­a­bil­ity of scales mea­sur­ing health sta­tus and HRQoL as well as prob­lems related to cross-cultural adap­ta­tion of such scales.

ANDRZEJ DĄBROWSKI - pro­fes­sor at Jozef Pil­sud­ski Acad­emy of Phys­i­cal Edu­ca­tion in War­saw. In his aca­d­e­mic career amongst many other, he has held the posi­tions of: Vice-Rector for Edu­ca­tion and Sport, Deputy Dean of Depart­ment of Tourism and Recre­ation, Direc­tor of the Insti­tute of Tourism and Recre­ation. He was also the edi­tor in Chief of the quar­terly Phys­i­cal Edu­ca­tion and Sport. He pro­moted seven doc­toral the­ses and is the author of over 180 sci­en­tific papers and pub­li­ca­tions. Leader of many research projects, amongst which are: Phys­i­cal Edu­ca­tion of Chil­dren and Youth, Par­tic­i­pa­tion of Poles in Phys­i­cal Recre­ation and its Deter­mi­nants, Edu­ca­tion for Tourism — in the Light of Research on Fam­ily Tourism.

JAKUB EINHORN - M.A., grad­u­ated from Cor­po­rate Finances at Wroclaw’s Uni­ver­sity Eco­nom­ics and Man­age­ment of Social and Health Care Insti­tu­tions at Med­ical Uni­ver­sity in Wro­claw. A Ph.D. stu­dent at the Social Med­i­cine Depart­ment, Med­ical Uni­ver­sity in Wro­claw. Fields of researchs: aging-related issues. Inter­ests focus on pub­lic health issues: health care pro­vi­sion for the elderly pop­u­la­tion, socio-demographic changes, social cap­i­tal, life­long learn­ing, Uni­ver­si­ties of Third Age.

ALEKSANDER GAŁAŚ - M.D., Ph.D., an epi­demi­ol­o­gist and assis­tant pro­fes­sor at the Depart­ment of Epi­demi­ol­ogy, Chair of Epi­demi­ol­ogy and Pre­ven­tive Med­i­cine, Jagiel­lon­ian Uni­ver­sity Med­icall Col­lege in Kraków. He has strong expe­ri­ence in epi­demi­o­logic stud­ies and sta­tis­ti­cal analy­sis. Among oth­ers, his research area cov­ers health care needs of elderly and lifestyle and genetic fac­tors in the aeti­ol­ogy of chronic diseases.

DAGMARA GAWEŁ-DĄBROWSKA A physi­cian, lec­turer in the Social Med­i­cine Depart­ment, Med­ical Uni­ver­sity in Wro­claw. Spe­cial­ist in inter­nal med­i­cine. Author or co-author of 17 pub­li­ca­tions and con­fer­ence reports.

BARBARA GRABOWSKA - M.A., grad­u­ated in Phys­io­ther­apy at Depart­ment of Phys­io­ther­apy, Acad­emy of Phys­i­cal Edu­ca­tion in Wro­claw. Since 2007 Ph.D. stu­dent at the Social Med­i­cine Depart­ment, Med­ical Uni­ver­sity of Wro­claw. A phys­io­ther­a­pist at the Cen­tre for Sport and Recre­ation in Kom­prach­cice. Author of one paper and three con­fer­ence reports.

TOMASZ GRODZICKI - Pro­fes­sor, M.D., head of the Chair and Clinic of Inter­nal Med­i­cine and Geron­tol­ogy; Dean of Med­ical Fac­ulty at the Jagiel­lon­ian Uni­ver­sity Med­ical Col­lege in Kraków. Author and co-author of many pub­li­ca­tions, books and hand­books in field of inter­nal med­i­cine, hyper­ten­sion and geri­atrics; edi­tor in chief of quar­terly “Pol­ish Geron­tol­ogy”; mem­ber of boards of many renowned inter­na­tional med­ical papers; mem­ber of many inter­na­tional sci­en­tific associations.

MAŁGORZATA HALICKA - soci­ol­o­gist, geron­tol­o­gist, Ph.D. in soci­ol­ogy, pro­fes­sor of the Uni­ver­sity of Białys­tok head of the Soci­ol­ogy of Edu­ca­tion Depart­ment at the Fac­ulty of Ped­a­gogy and Psy­chol­ogy, vice pres­i­dent of the Main Board of the Pol­ish Soci­ety of Geron­tol­ogy, mem­ber of the Pol­ish Soci­o­log­i­cal Asso­ci­a­tion. Areas of inter­est: soci­ol­ogy of the elderly and age soci­ol­ogy, social geron­tol­ogy, social work.

JERZY HALICKI - PhD in ped­a­gogy, head of the Depart­ment of Andr­a­gogy and Geron­tol­ogy at the Fac­ulty of Ped­a­gogy and Psy­chol­ogy of the Uni­ver­sity of Białys­tok. Areas of inter­est: andr­a­gogy, edu­ca­tional and social gerontology.

BEATA KUCHARCZYK-BRUS - PhD in Archi­tec­ture. Employee of Fine Arts and Design Chair, Fac­ulty of Archi­tec­ture, Sile­sian Uni­ver­sity of Tech­nol­ogy. Mem­ber of IAPS Inter­na­tional Asso­ci­a­tion of People-Environment Stud­ies. Pro­fes­sional prac­tice con­cerns inter­dis­ci­pli­nary study engag­ing archi­tec­ture design and build­ing val­u­a­tion. Research work focuses on aspects of archi­tec­ture qual­ity eval­u­a­tion. Par­tic­i­pant in research project Yes­ter­day, Today and the Future of Pol­ish and Ger­man Large Hous­ing Estates. A Com­par­a­tive Study of Urban Devel­op­ment Mod­els and Their Pub­lic Accep­tance on the Exam­ples of Leipzig and Katow­ice, in col­lab­o­ra­tion with the Cen­tre UFZ — Leipzig, imple­mented in the years 2011–2012. Author of 10 arti­cles or book chap­ters, co-editor of the book “Hous­ing and Envi­ron­men­tal Con­di­tions in Post-Communist Countries”.

ADAM MANIKOWSKI - An econ­o­mist, grad­u­ated from the Fac­ulty of Eco­nom­ics, Uni­ver­sity of Gdansk. Expert in quan­ti­ta­tive mar­ket, social, and med­ical research. Author and inven­tor of inno­v­a­tive ana­lyt­i­cal and method­olog­i­cal res­o­lu­tions. He con­ducted more than 100 research projects, includ­ing many in the field of med­i­cine (i.g. Polkard, Wobasz, Wobasz Senior). He died in March 2011 at the age of 34 years.

MAŁGORZATA MOSSAKOWSKA - Ph.D. in bio­log­i­cal sci­ences and works at the Inter­na­tional Insti­tute of Mol­e­c­u­lar and Cell Biol­ogy in War­saw. In the years 1999–2005 she coor­di­nated a nation­wide study of Pol­ish cen­te­nar­i­ans (PoStu99, PolStu2001) and from 2007 the PolSe­nior project. She has writ­ten and co-authored many sci­en­tific pub­li­ca­tions, includ­ing 35 cited by Med­line. She is a mem­ber of the Pol­ish Soci­ety of Geron­tol­ogy and the ini­tia­tor of the Pol­ish Asso­ci­a­tion Sup­port­ing Peo­ple with Inflam­ma­tory Bowel Dis­ease “J-elita”.

ELŻBIETA NIEZABITOWSKA - Ph.D., D.Sc., Pro­fes­sor at The Fac­ulty of Archi­tec­ture of The Sile­sian Uni­ver­sity of Tech­nol­ogy in Gli­wice, head of The Depart­ment of Design Strat­egy and New Tech­nolo­gies in Archi­tec­ture. Sci­en­tific inter­ests con­cen­trate around qual­i­ta­tive prob­lems in archi­tec­ture and are used to functional-spatial pro­gram­ming prepa­ra­tion for new build­ings and for check­ing the qual­ity of build­ings designs before their real­iza­tion. Par­tic­i­pant and head of many researches in qual­i­ta­tive analy­ses of hous­ing (i.g. the Project 2010–2021 financed by Polish-German Foun­da­tion for Sci­ence and real­ized in coop­er­a­tion with the Helmholtz Insti­tute in Leipzig), hos­pi­tals, insti­tu­tions for seniors, offices and build­ings of higher edu­ca­tion with the regard of the energy effi­ciency prob­lems and “the build­ings intel­li­gence”. Author of more than 140 arti­cles, sev­eral books and hand­books in the architecture.

MAREK NIEZABITOWSKI - PhD in soci­ol­ogy, assis­tant pro­fes­sor in the Depart­ment of Applied Social Sci­ences at the Fac­ulty of Orga­ni­za­tion and Man­age­ment at Sile­sian Uni­ver­sity of Tech­nol­ogy. His sci­en­tific inter­ests are asso­ci­ated with social geron­tol­ogy, the soci­ol­ogy of old age and the soci­ol­ogy of local com­mu­ni­ties. He has been coop­er­at­ing with archi­tec­tural sci­en­tists for sev­eral years. As a result of this coop­er­a­tion he is one of the researchers in the project enti­tled Yes­ter­day, Today and the Future of Pol­ish and Ger­man Large Hous­ing Estates. A Com­par­a­tive Study of Urban Devel­op­ment Mod­els and Their Pub­lic Accep­tance on the Exam­ples of Katow­ice and Leipzig (2010–2012). He has pub­lished his arti­cles in the jour­nal “Soci­o­log­i­cal Stud­ies” and “Soci­o­log­i­cal Review”, inter alia. He is the author of the book Elderly Peo­ple in a Soci­o­log­i­cal Per­spec­tive. THE issues of Social Par­tic­i­pa­tion, pub­lished by the “Śląsk” Pub­lish­ing House in 2007.

EWA PIECHÓR - A soci­ol­o­gist, mar­ket and opin­ion researcher, grad­u­ate of the Phi­los­o­phy and Soci­ol­ogy Depart­ment of the Uni­ver­sity of War­saw. Pro­fes­sion­ally engaged in social, med­ical and mar­ket­ing quan­ti­ta­tive sur­veys. She had been employed in a research com­pany in man­age­ment capac­ity of large research projects con­ducted both for insti­tu­tional and com­mer­cial enti­ties for 7 years. Since July 2010 has been deal­ing with inter­net mar­ket­ing research in the Inter­ac­tive Insti­tute of Mar­ket­ing Research. In the years 2008–2010 sub­stan­ti­tive man­ager of the PolSe­nior audit for PBS DGA.

KATARZYNA POŁTYN ZARADNA - M.D., Assis­tant in the Social Med­i­cine Depart­ment, Med­ical Uni­ver­sity in Wro­claw. Author or co-author of 47 pub­li­ca­tions and con­fer­ence reports. In 2006–2009 par­tic­i­pated in a Dis­abled Adult Method­olo­gies Project — DAM. A mem­ber of the review­ers com­mit­tee of mono­graph “The role and tasks of social med­i­cine at the thresh­old of XXI cen­tury” cre­ated dur­ing the VIII National Con­gress of the Pol­ish Social Med­i­cine and Pub­lic Health Association.

RAFAŁ ROWIŃSKI - Ph.D., researcher at the Insti­tute of Sport Józef Pil­sud­ski Uni­ver­sity of Phys­i­cal Edu­ca­tion in War­saw. In the period 2006–2011 Deputy Direc­tor of the Insti­tute of Tourism and Recre­ation in this uni­ver­sity. Author of over 70 sci­en­tific pub­li­ca­tions. Since 2009 mem­ber of the Board Pol­ish Soci­ety of Geron­tol­ogy. Vice-chief edi­tor of sci­en­tific jour­nal Tourism and Recre­ation Adviser to the Pol­ish Agency for Tourism Devel­op­ment, expert Pol­ish Tourist Organization.

BARBARA SZATUR-JAWORSKA - Ph.D., expert in Social Pol­icy, geron­tol­o­gist, pro­fes­sor at the Insti­tute of Social Pol­icy at the War­saw Uni­ver­sity. Research inter­ests: social issues of elderly peo­ple, social issues in mod­ern Poland, method­ol­ogy of Social Pol­icy, social ser­vices and social work.

ALEKSANDRA SZYBALSKA - grad­u­ated Pub­lic Health at the Med­ical Acad­emy in Wro­claw. Since Octo­ber 2007 she has worked at the Inter­na­tional Insti­tute of Mol­e­c­u­lar and Cell Biol­ogy in Warsaw.

BEATA TOBIASZ-ADAMCZYK - Pro­fes­sor, Ph.D., a med­ical soci­ol­o­gist, Head of the Depart­ment of Med­ical Soci­ol­ogy and the Chair of Epi­demi­ol­ogy and Pre­ven­tive Med­i­cine, Jagiel­lon­ian Uni­ver­sity Med­ical Col­lege in Kraków. Field of research activ­ity: qual­ity of life in older adults and in the can­cer patients (the role of sub­jec­tive health, social net­work, social sup­port), deter­mi­nants of abuse in older peo­ple, per­cep­tion of abuse against older peo­ple, ill­ness behav­iors and gender-related dif­fer­ences in health, as well as social deter­mi­nants of health and pre­dic­tors of mor­tal­ity in older part of soci­ety. Author over 280 pub­li­ca­tions and chap­ters in books and books.

LUDMIŁA WASZKIEWICZ - Ph.D., Pro­fes­sor at Med­ical Uni­ver­sity in Wro­claw. Vice-President of the Pol­ish Social Med­i­cine and Pub­lic Health Asso­ci­a­tion. Mem­ber of the Depen­dent Peo­ple Coun­cil by the Min­istry of Health. Leader of many edi­tions of post­grad­u­ate courses — “Man­ager of Health Care” and “Adju­di­ca­tion and Insur­ance” and Pub­lic Health spe­cial­iza­tion courses for physi­cians. Field of researches: pub­lic health issues, demog­ra­phy, orga­ni­za­tion and man­age­ment the­ory, appli­ca­tion of sta­tis­tics in social sci­ence and med­i­cine. Author of over 200 pub­li­ca­tions Leader of Pol­ish teams in the inter­na­tional research projects: Dis­abled Adult Method­olo­gies — DAM and Med­ical Assis­tance and Ther­appy in Europe — METE and “Net­work of Nurs­ing Educators”

KATARZYNA ZATOŃSKA - M.D., a Head of Social Med­i­cine Depart­ment at the Med­ical Uni­ver­sity in Wro­claw. Spe­cial­ist of inter­nal med­i­cine and in dia­betol­ogy. In 2006–2009 par­tic­i­pated in a Dis­abled Adult Method­olo­gies Project — DAM. Since 2007 coor­di­na­tor of epi­demi­o­log­i­cal sur­vey car­ried out by the Med­ical Uni­ver­sity in Wro­claw part of a PURE project (Prospec­tive Urban and Rural Epi­demi­ol­ogy). Super­vi­sor of the med­ical part of PONS project (Pol­ish Nor­we­gian Study). Author or coau­thor of 103 pub­li­ca­tions and con­fer­ence reports. Mem­ber of the orga­niz­ing com­mit­tees of many inter­na­tional sci­en­tific conferences.

TOMASZ ZDROJEWSKI - MD, PhD, FESC, spe­cial­ist in inter­nal med­i­cine and hyper­ten­si­ol­ogy. Lec­turer and scholar in the Med­ical Uni­ver­sity of Gdańsk, Poland. He enjoyed schol­ar­ships in car­di­ol­ogy in Ohio State Uni­ver­sity, USA and in Uni­ver­sity in Würzburg, Ger­many. Since 1994 he has been exten­sively deal­ing with clin­i­cal epi­demi­ol­ogy, pre­ven­tion, phar­ma­coeco­nom­ics, cvd mod­el­ing and health pol­icy. Dur­ing last decade Mr. Zdro­jew­ski ini­ti­ated the nation­wide research projects using a rep­re­sen­ta­tive method to assess the preva­lence and con­trol of cvd risk fac­tors NATPOL 2002 and 2011, national inter­ven­tion pro­grammes, such as the Pol­ish Project of 400 Cities, and was sec­re­tary of the National Pro­gramme for Pre­ven­tion and Treat­ment of CVD. Mr Zdro­jew­ski is a mem­ber of var­i­ous work­ing groups as well as boards of Pol­ish and Euro­pean sci­en­tific soci­eties. From 2010 mem­ber of the Con­gress Pro­gram Com­mit­tee of the Euro­pean Soci­ety of Car­di­ol­ogy, from 2011 chair of the Pub­lic Health Com­mit­tee in the Pol­ish Acad­emy of Sci­ence. The author or coau­thor of more than 190 research papers, includ­ing impor­tant arti­cles describ­ing the epi­demi­o­log­i­cal sit­u­a­tion in Poland, which appeared in renowned magazines.

 

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