Nr 1 (15) 2019

Social Pol­icy

HOW DECENT WILL BE WORK IN THE FUTURE? CENTENARY OF THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR  ORGANIZATION

pobierz numer

Table of Con­tents 1/2019 Eng­lish Edition

ROM THE EDITORSCENTENARY OF INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION: AFTER 100 YEARS OF GLOBAL SOCIAL POLICY WE STILL NEED MORE OF IT. FROM THE EDITOR – Krzysztof Hage­me­jer
FROM THE EDITORS – Krzysztof Hage­me­jer, Gertruda Uścińska

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS IN A CHANGING WORLD
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE – Werner Sen­gen­berger
100 YEARS OF THE ILO AS A CONTEXT FOR A DISCUSSION ON THE FUTURE OF WORK – Jacek Piotr Męcina, Michał Niedziela

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND TRIPARTISM: NEW CHALLENGES
A GLIMPSE INTO THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF LABOUR LAW AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE – Cristina Mihes
THE SOURCES OF TRIPARTISM DRY UP. A FEW COMMENTS ON THE ILO CENTENARY – Bar­bara Surdykowska

RIGHT TO SOCIAL SECURITY: EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL AND BEYOND
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL AND THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION – ORIGINS AND TRANSFORMATIONS  – Wolf­gang Scholz
LET US WALK THE TALK: THE RIGHT TO SOCIAL SECURITY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION – THE CASE FOR A NEW INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION – Michael Cichon
EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ILO CONVENTION NO. 102 BY POLAND – Gertruda Uścińska, Adri­anna Binaś
THE ROLE OF ILO STANDARDS IN SHAPING SOCIAL PROTECTION IN GLOBAL SOUTH COUNTRIES: EXAMPLE OF BRAZIL – Jan­ina Petelczyc

POLAND AS FOUNDER MEMBER OF THE ILO
FRANCISZEK SOKAL AND HIS ROLE IN THE ILO – IN MEMORIAM – Woj­ciech Zalewski

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Krzysztof Hage­me­jer (Pro­fes­sor, Uni­ver­sity of Applied Sci­ence Bon-Rhein-Sieg)
CENTENARY OF INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATIONS: AFTER 100 YEARS OF GLOBAL SOCIAL POLICY WE STILL NEED OF IT. FROM THE EDITOR (s. 1–3)
Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion has been estab­lished hun­dred years ago with a pur­pose to insti­tute mech­a­nisms estab­lish­ing com­mon stan­dards and cer­tain inter­na­tional reg­u­la­tory frame­work in response to the glob­al­iza­tion processes asso­ci­ated with grow­ing trade, increased com­pe­ti­tion between coun­tries, increased migra­tion and cap­i­tal move­ments. After the World War 2 renewed ILO has been expected to become impor­tant ele­ment of the global gov­er­nance sys­tem. Since the last decades of 20th cen­tury, new wave of glob­al­iza­tion cou­pled with dereg­u­la­tion weak­ened both posi­tion of labour in the global econ­omy and that of the ILO. As a con­se­quence, increased inequal­i­ties and other con­se­quences of spon­ta­neous unreg­u­lated glob­al­i­sa­tion fuelled pop­ulist back­lash against free trade and lib­eral democ­racy. Tech­no­log­i­cal devel­op­ments and asso­ci­ated changes in the world of busi­ness and the world of work call for the renewal of indus­trial rela­tions, of con­cepts of employ­ment rela­tion­ship, tri­par­tism and social dia­logue. But like before, pos­si­bil­ity of any improve­ment, includ­ing of restor­ing more equal bar­gain­ing posi­tion between par­ties to an employ­ment rela­tion­ship, lies in effec­tive use of the free­dom of asso­ci­a­tion and the dia­logue – found­ing prin­ci­ples of the ILO.

Key words: inter­na­tional labour stan­dards, glob­al­i­sa­tion, indus­trial rela­tions, tripartism

Ref­er­ences
Bornstein-Łychowska, M. (1928), 10 lat poli­tyki społecznej Państwa Pol­skiego [10 years of Pol­ish social pol­icy], Min­is­terstwo Pracy i Opieki Społecznej, Warszawa.
Carrion-Crespo, C. (2012), When Labour Law Went Global: The Road to the Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion, 1871–1919, “Jour­nal of Agri­cul­ture. Uni­ver­sity of Puerto Rico”, 37(1), p. 129.
God­deeris, I., ed. (2012), Sol­i­dar­ity with Sol­i­dar­ity: West­ern Euro­pean Trade Unions and the Pol­ish Cri­sis, 1980–1982, Lex­ing­ton Books.
Inter­na­tional Labour Con­fer­ence (2019), ILO Cen­te­nary Dec­la­ra­tion for the Future of Work Adopted by the Con­fer­ence at its One Hun­dred and Eighth Ses­sion, Geneva, 21 June.
Inter­na­tional Trade Union Con­fed­er­a­tion (2019), 2019 ITUC Global Rights Index: The World’s Worst Coun­tries for Work­ers, Brus­sels.
Louis, M. (2019), Who Decides? Rep­re­sen­ta­tion and Deci­sion Mak­ing at the Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion, “Inter­na­tional Devel­op­ment Pol­icy”, 11, pp. 40–58.
Maul, D. (2019), The Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion: 100 Years of Global Social Pol­icy, ILO, Geneva.
MPiPS (2009), Między­nar­o­dowa Orga­ni­za­cja Pracy: 90 lat ist­nienia. Infor­ma­tor, Depar­ta­ment Dia­logu i Part­nerstwa Społecznego, Warszawa.
Rodrik, D. (2012), The Glob­al­iza­tion Para­dox: Democ­racy and the Future of the World Econ­omy, Nor­ton, New York, Lon­don.
Sokal, F. (1920), Komisja Pracy kon­fer­encji poko­jowej w Paryżu 1919: Spra­woz­danie Del­e­gata Min­is­terstwa Pracy i Opieki Społecznej [Labour Com­mit­tee at the Paris Peace Con­fer­ence in 1919: Report of the Del­e­gate of the Min­istry of Labour and Social Care], MPiOS, Warszawa.
Ster­ling, H. (1928), Między­nar­o­dowa Orga­ni­za­cja Pracy i jej dzi­ałal­ność, Insty­tut Gospo­darstwa Społecznego, Warszawa.
Tapi­ola, K. (2018), The teeth of the ILO – The impact of the 1998 ILO Dec­la­ra­tion on Fun­da­men­tals Prin­ci­ples and Rights at Work, ILO, Genva.
Tapi­ola, K. (2019), The Dri­ving Force: Birth and Evo­lu­tion of Tri­par­tism – Role of the ILO Work­ers’ Group, ILO, Geneva.
Treaty of Ver­sailles (1919), Avalon Project, Yale Uni­ver­sity, https:// avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/partxiii.asp.
World Bank (2019), World Devel­op­ment Report 2019: The Chang­ing Nature of Work, Washington.

Krzysztof Hage­me­jer (Pro­fes­sor, Uni­ver­sity of Applied Sci­ence Bon-Rhein-Sieg)
Gertruda Uścińska (Pro­fes­sor, Fac­ulty of Polit­i­cal Sci­ence and Inter­na­tional Stud­ies, Uni­ver­sity of War­saw)
FROM THE EDITORS (s. 4–6)
Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion has been estab­lished hun­dred years ago with a pur­pose to insti­tute mech­a­nisms estab­lish­ing com­mon stan­dards and cer­tain inter­na­tional reg­u­la­tory frame­work in response to the glob­al­iza­tion processes asso­ci­ated with grow­ing trade, increased com­pe­ti­tion between coun­tries, increased migra­tion and cap­i­tal move­ments. After the World Wart 2 renewed ILO has been expected to become impor­tant ele­ment of the global gov­er­nance sys­tem. Since the last decades of 20th cen­tury, new wave of glob­al­iza­tion cou­pled with dereg­u­la­tion weak­ened both posi­tion of labour in the global econ­omy and that of the ILO. As a con­se­quence, increased inequal­i­ties and other con­se­quences of spon­ta­neous unreg­u­lated glob­al­i­sa­tion fuelled pop­ulist back­lash against free trade and lib­eral democ­racy. Tech­no­log­i­cal devel­op­ments and asso­ci­ated changes in the world of busi­ness and the world of work call for the renewal of indus­trial rela­tions, of con­cepts of employ­ment rela­tion­ship, tri­par­tism and social dia­logue. But like before, pos­si­bil­ity of any improve­ment, includ­ing of restor­ing more equal bar­gain­ing posi­tion between par­ties to an employ­ment rela­tion­ship, lies in effec­tive use of the free­dom of asso­ci­a­tion and the dia­logue – found­ing prin­ci­ples of the ILO. Key

Key words: inter­na­tional labour stan­dards, glob­al­i­sa­tion, indus­trial rela­tions, tripartism

Werner Sen­gen­berger (PhD, for­mer direc­tor of the Employ­ment Strat­egy Depart­ment of the ILO; for­mer direc­tor of the ILO Office for Cen­tral and East­ern Europe in Budapest)
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE (s. 6–10)
The foun­da­tion of the Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion is the off spring of a reform project to improve labour con­di­tions in the face of rev­o­lu­tion­ary move­ments dur­ing and after World War I. In its 100-year his­tory, the ILO has cre­ated a com­pre­hen­sive sys­tem of min­i­mum inter­na­tional labour stan­dards largely laid down in Con­ven­tions and Rec­om­men­da­tions, together with a super­vi­sory mech­a­nism and tech­ni­cal assis­tance for the appli­ca­tion and con­trol of the norms. The ILO norms are uni­ver­sally valid, inde­pen­dently of a country’s level of devel­op­ment, cul­ture, tra­di­tion, and cat­e­gory of worker or enter­prise. Con­ven­tions clas­si­fied as fun­da­men­tal are rated as human rights. They have to be respected and pro­moted by ILO mem­ber coun­tries inde­pen­dently of rat­i­fi­ca­tion. ILO labour stan­dards are directed to set an effec­tive floor to wages, hours of work, con­di­tions of employ­ment and social ser­vices for all coun­tries engaged in inter­na­tional com­pe­ti­tion in order to pre­vent social dump­ing and achieve fair and sta­ble glob­al­iza­tion. The rel­e­vance of the stan­dards has grown with the suc­ces­sive stages of global eco­nomic inter­de­pen­dence and inte­gra­tion, dri­ven by multi-national com­pa­nies, cross-national sup­ply chains and trade agree­ments. Abun­dant empir­i­cal evi­dence shows that the obser­vance of ILO rules gen­er­ates eco­nomic, social and polit­i­cal dividends.

Key words: Inter­na­tional Labour Stan­dards; Eco­nomic Globalization

Ref­er­ences
Egger Ph., Sen­gen­berger, W., eds. (2003), Decent work in Den­mark: Employ­ment, social effi­ciency and eco­nomic secu­rity, ILO, Geneva.
Galli, R., Kucera, D. (2002), Labour stan­dards and infor­mal employ­ment in Latin Amer­ica. Dis­cus­sion Paper, Inter­na­tional Insti­tute of Labour Stud­ies, Geneva.
ILO (2002), Decent work and the infor­mal econ­omy, Report VI, Inter­na­tional Labour Con­fer­ence, 90th Ses­sion, Geneva.
ILO (2016), Non-standard employ­ment around the world: Under­stand­ing chal­lenges, shap­ing prospects, Geneva.
ILO (2018a), Free­dom of Asso­ci­a­tion. Com­pi­la­tion of deci­sions of the Com­mit­tee on Free­dom of Asso­ci­a­tion, 6th edi­tion, Geneva.
ILO (2018b), Women and men in the infor­mal econ­omy. A sta­tis­ti­cal pic­ture, Third edi­tion, Geneva.
ILO (2019a), Report of the Com­mit­tee of Experts on the Appli­ca­tion of Con­ven­tions and Rec­om­men­da­tions, Inter­na­tional Labour Con­fer­ence, 108th Ses­sion, Geneva.
ILO (2019b), Work for a brighter future: Report of the Global Com­mis­sion of the Future of Work, Geneva.
ILO (2019c), Rules of the game: An intro­duc­tion to the standards-related work of the Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion (Cen­tury edi­tion), Geneva.
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Kucera, D. (2002), Core labour stan­dards and for­eign direct invest­ment, “Inter­na­tional Labour Review”, 14(1–2).
Li, X. (1996), Asian val­ues and the uni­ver­sal­ity of human rights, in: Report from the Insti­tute for Phi­los­o­phy and Pub­lic Pol­icy, Mary­land, Vol. 16(2).
Maul, D. (2013), Human rights, devel­op­ment and decol­o­niza­tion. The Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion 1940–70, Pel­grave Macmil­lan, ILO.
McCann, D., Lee, S. (2011), Reg­u­lat­ing for decent work: New direc­tions in labour mar­ket reg­u­la­tion, ILO and Pel­grave, Geneva.
Myrdal, G. (1994), The ILO in the cross-fire: Would it sur­vive the social clause, in: Sen­gen­berger W., Camp­bell D. (eds.), Inter­na­tional Labour Stan­dards and Eco­nomic Inter­de­pen­dence, Inter­na­tional Insti­tute for Labour Stud­ies, Geneva.
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Polanyi, K. (1944), The great trans­for­ma­tion, Bea­con Press, Boston.
Portes, A. (1994), By-passing the rules: The dialec­tics of labour stan­dards and infor­mal­iza­tion in less devel­oped coun­tries, in: Sen­gen­berger W., Camp­bell, D. (eds.), Inter­na­tional Labour Stan­dards and Eco­nomic Inter­de­pen­dence, Inter­na­tional Insti­tute for Labour Stud­ies, Geneva.
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Sen­gen­berger, W. (2006), Inter­na­tional labour stan­dards in the glob­al­ized econ­omy: obsta­cles and oppor­tu­ni­ties for achiev­ing social progress, in: Craig, J.D.R., Lynk, S.M. (eds.), Glob­al­iza­tion and the Future of Labour Law, Uni­ver­sity Press, Cam­bridge.
Sen­gen­berger, W., Camp­bell, D., eds. (1994), Inter­na­tional Labour Stan­dards and Eco­nomic Inter­de­pen­dence. Essays in com­mem­o­ra­tion of the 75th anniver­sary of the ILO and the 50th anniver­sary of the Dec­la­ra­tion of Philadel­phia, Inter­na­tional Insti­tute for Labour Stud­ies, Geneva.
Stiglitz, J. (2009), The global cri­sis, social pro­tec­tion and jobs, “Inter­na­tional Labour Review”, 193(2), Geneva.
Tapi­ola, K. (2019), The dri­ving force: Birth and evo­lu­tion of tri­par­tism – Role of the ILO work­ers’ group, ILO, Geneva.

Jacek Piotr Męcina (Pro­fes­sor, Fac­ulty of Polit­i­cal Sci­ence and Inter­na­tional Stud­ies, Uni­ver­sity of War­saw)
Michał Niedziela (PhD Can­di­date, Fac­ulty of Polit­i­cal Sci­ence and Inter­na­tional Stud­ies, Uni­ver­sity of War­saw)
100 YEARS OF THE ILO AS A CONTEXT FOR A DISCUSSION ON THE FUTURE OF WORK (s. 10–15)
The authors of the arti­cle describe the impact of the Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion on the func­tion­ing of the labour mar­kets – in Poland and else­where. Due to the chang­ing real­i­ties of the world, Orga­ni­za­tion faces new chal­lenges that require appro­pri­ate responses. Tech­no­log­i­cal changes can result in sig­nif­i­cant adjust­ments in the econ­omy that will leave many peo­ple out of the labour mar­ket. At the end of the paper, the authors present reform pro­pos­als regard­ing the qual­ity of work and the func­tion­ing of the labour mar­ket. Although labour mar­ket indi­ca­tors in Poland are con­stantly improv­ing, but the atten­tion is shifted to other aspects, for exam­ple from fight­ing unem­ploy­ment to increased pro­mot­ing labour force par­tic­i­pa­tion and employment.

Key words: Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion, future of work, labour mar­ket reforms

Ref­er­ences
Frey, C.B., Osborne, M.A. (2013), The Future of Employ­ment: How Sus­cep­ti­ble are jobs to com­put­er­i­sa­tion, https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/ downloads/academic/The_Future_of_Employment.pdf.
Gar­ben, S. (2017), The Con­sti­tu­tional (Im)balance between ‘the Mar­ket’ and ‘the Social’ in the Euro­pean Union, “Euro­pean Con­sti­tu­tional Law Review”, 13(1), pp. 23–61.
Gar­dawski, J. (2009), Polacy pracu­jący a kryzys fordyzmu, Scholar, Warszawa, [J. Gar­dawski, Work­ing Poles and the cri­sis of Fordism, Scholar, War­saw], http://www.europarl.europa.eu/atyourservice/en/displayFtu. html?ftuId=FTU_5.9.4.html.
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ILO (2008a), Chaiperson’s report. Tri­par­tite Meet­ing of Experts on the Mea­sure­ment of decent Work, ILO, Geneva.
ILO (2008b), Mea­sure­ment of decent work. Dis­cus­sion paper for the Tri­par­tite Meet­ing of Experts on the Mea­sure­ment of Decent Work, Geneva.
ILO (2018c), Global Wage Report 2018/19: What lies behind gen­der pay gaps, Geneva.
ILO (2019a), Work for a brighter future, Geneva.
ILO (2019b), World Employ­ment and Social Out­look: Trends 2019, Geneva.
Kjell­strom, T. et al. (2016), Heat, Human Per­for­mance, and Occu­pa­tional Health: A Key Issue for the Assess­ment of Global Cli­mate Change Impacts, “Annual Review of Pub­lic Health”, 37, pp. 97–112.
Maciejew­ski, M., Dimova, M. (2016), The ubiq­ui­tous dig­i­tal sin­gle mar­ket, Fact Sheets on the Euro­pean Union, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/ atyourservice/en/displayFtu.html?ftuId=FTU_5.9.4.html.
Schwab, K. (2017), The Fourth Indus­trial Rev­o­lu­tion, Pen­guin Books.
Somavia, J. (2004), The ILO Decent Work Agenda as the aspi­ra­tions of peo­ple: The inser­tion of val­ues and ethics in the global econ­omy, in: Pec­coud D. (ed.), Philo­soph­i­cal and spir­i­tual per­spec­tives on decent work, ILO, Geneva.

Cristina Mihes (PhD, The ILO Decent Work Tech­ni­cal Sup­port Team and Coun­try Office for Cen­tral and East­ern Europe)
A GLIMPSE INTO THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF LABOUR LAW AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE (s. 16–20)
The land­scape of labour law and indus­trial rela­tions arena has under­gone sig­nif­i­cant reshap­ing in most of CEE coun­tries since the out­set of the global finan­cial and eco­nomic cri­sis. Fol­low­ing or inspired by new inter­na­tional visions of eco­nomic gov­er­nance for eco­nomic recov­ery and growth, the vast major­ity of CEE coun­tries have car­ried out or have been envis­ag­ing labour pol­icy changes. This paper seeks to take a look at recent labour law reforms in a num­ber of selected CEE coun­tries, and to exam­ine the man­ner, in which the equa­tion of stan­dard employ­ment rela­tion­ship and the dynam­ics of col­lec­tive bar­gain­ing processes have changed.1 The 1st sec­tion dis­cusses the pol­icy goals as well as dri­vers of legal changes, which have affected and guided recent labour law reforms in the sub-region. Exter­nal influ­ences over shap­ing of the new pol­icy visions and recov­ery poli­cies are also exam­ined here. The 2nd sec­tion exam­ines recent trends in reg­u­lat­ing stan­dard and non-standard employ­ment rela­tion­ship, as well as the col­lec­tive agree­ments as deter­mi­nants of work­ing con­di­tions and terms of employ­ment. It also analy­ses the new approaches in the imple­men­ta­tion of the guid­ing prin­ci­ples of col­lec­tive bar­gain­ing, includ­ing the auton­omy of the par­ties, and the prin­ci­ple of favoura­bil­ity. Fur­ther­more, the 3rd sec­tion seeks to explore what the future looks like by trav­el­ling the paths opened by the works of the ILO Global Com­mis­sion on the Future of Work, with a spe­cial focus on the Uni­ver­sal Labour Guar­an­tee. Finally, a num­ber of con­clu­sions are drawn on the basis of the analysed data and policies.

Key words: labour law reforms, employ­ment rela­tion­ship, non-standard forms of work, future of work

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ILO (2006b), Free­dom of Asso­ci­a­tion: Digest of deci­sions and prin­ci­ples of the Free­dom of Asso­ci­a­tion Com­mit­tee of the Gov­ern­ing Body of the ILO, Geneva.
ILO (2013), Address­ing labour mar­ket seg­men­ta­tion: The role of labour law, ILO DIALOGUE Work­ing Paper, No, 52, Geneva.
ILO (2015a), Non-standard forms of employ­ment – Report for dis­cus­sion at the Meet­ing of Experts on Non-Standard Forms of Employ­ment, Geneva.
ILO (2015b), Col­lec­tive Bar­gan­ing – A pol­icy guide, Geneva.
ILO (2019), Work for a Brighter Future, Report of the ILO Global Com­mis­sion on the Future of Work, Geneva.
Stone, K., Arthurs H., eds. (2013), Rethink­ing work­place reg­u­la­tion: Beyond the stan­dard con­tract of employ­ment, Rus­sell Sage Foun­da­tion, New York.
Visser, J. (2013), Wage Bar­gain­ing Institutions-from crisi to cri­sis, Eco­nomic Papers, Euro­pean Com­mis­sion, Brus­sels.
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Bar­bara Sur­dykowska (National Com­mis­sion of NSZZ Sol­i­darność – Expert Office)
THE SOURCES OF TRIPARTISM DRY UP. A FEW COMMENTS ON THE ILO CENTENARY (s. 20–25)
The arti­cle con­tains reflec­tions related to the cen­te­nary of the estab­lish­ment of the Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion. The author points to the declin­ing strength of employee rep­re­sen­ta­tion, which has con­se­quences for the ILO’s standard-setting activ­i­ties, analy­ses the con­tent of the ILO Cen­te­nary Dec­la­ra­tion for the Future of Work. The paper raises the ques­tion whether, in view of the reduc­tion of power of work­ers’ rep­re­sen­ta­tion the fun­da­men­tal source of par­tic­u­lar legit­i­macy of the ILO can still be found in the tri­par­tite system.

Key words: Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion, social dia­logue, tri­par­tite system

Ref­er­ences
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Alston, P., Heenan, J. (2004), Shrink­ing the Inter­na­tional Labour Code, “Inter­na­tional Law and Pol­i­tics”, 36(2/3), pp. 221–264.
Bac­caro, L., Mele V. (2012), Pathol­ogy of Path Depen­dency? The ILO and the Chal­lenge of New Gov­er­nance, “ILR Review”, 65(2), pp. 195–224.
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Boock­mann, B. (2001), The Rat­i­fi­ca­tion of ILO Con­ven­tions: A Haz­ard Rate Analy­sis, “Eco­nom­ics and Pol­i­tics”, 13(3), pp. 281–309.
Boruta, I. (2019), „Pra­cować nad lep­szą przyszłoś­cią”. W sprawie raportu Świa­towej Komisji ds. Przyszłości pracy (MOP), “Praca i Zabez­piecze­nie Społeczne”, nr 3, s. 2–10, [“Work for a Brighter Future”. On the Report of the Global Com­mis­sion on the Future of Work (ILO), “Labour and Social Secu­rity Jour­nal”, 3, pp. 2–10].
Camp­bell, A., Fish­man, N., McIl­roy, J. (2007), The post war com­pro­mise: map­ping indus­trial pol­i­tics 1945–64, in: Camp­bell A., Fish­man N., McIl­roy J. (eds.), The Post War Com­pro­mises. British trade unions and indus­trial pol­icy 1945–64, Lon­don Mer­lin Press, pp. 69–113.
Cowen, T. (2011), The great stag­na­tion: how Amer­ica ate all the low– hang­ing fruit of mod­ern his­tory, got sick and (even­tu­ally) feel bet­ter, Dut­ton, New York.
Croucher, R., Wood, G. (2015), Tri­par­tism in Com­par­a­tive and His­tor­i­cal Per­spec­tive, “Busi­ness His­tory”, 57(3), p. 348.
Dao, M.Ch., Das, M., Koczan, Z., Lian, W. (2017), Why Is Labor Receiv­ing a Smaller Share of Global Income? The­ory and Empir­i­cal Evi­dence, IMF Work­ing Papers 17/169, Inter­na­tional Mon­e­tary Fund.
DiMat­teo, L. et al (2003), The Doha Dec­la­ra­tion and Beyond: Giv­ing a Voice to Non – trade Con­cerns within the WTO Trade Regime, “Van­der­bilt Jour­nal of Transna­tional Law”, 36(1), pp. 95–160.
Gor­don, R.J. (2014), The demise of U. S. eco­nomic growth: resent­ment, rebut­tal and reflec­tions, https://www.nber.org/papers/w19895.
Har­vey, D. (2007), Neo-Liberalism as Cre­ative Destruc­tion, “Annals of the Amer­i­can Acad­emy of Polit­i­cal and Social Sci­ence”, 610(1), pp. 21–44.
Hughes, S., Haworth, N. (2011), The Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion: Com­ing in from the Cold, Rout­ledge, Oxon, UK.
Jakovleski, V., Jerbi, S., Bier­steker, T. (2019), The ILO’s Role in Global Gov­er­nance: Lim­its and Poten­tial, Inter­na­tional Devel­op­ment Pol­icy, 11, 82, 108, https://journals.openedition.org/poldev/3026.
Langille, B. (2016), Con­sis­tency, Con­sen­sus, or Coher­ence? Legal Inter­pre­ta­tion of Fun­da­men­tal Labour Rights, in: Ensur­ing Coher­ence in Fun­da­men­tal Labour Rights Case Law: Chal­lenges and Oppor­tu­ni­ties, Con­fer­ence Papers and Con­tri­bu­tions, Social Jus­tice Exper­tise Cen­ter, Lei­den, The Nether­lands.
Maul, D. (2012), Human Rights, Devel­op­ment and Decol­o­niza­tion: The Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion, 1940–70, Palgrave/ILO, Geneva.
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Schwab, K. (2016), The Fourth Indus­trial Rev­o­lu­tion: What it means and How to Respond, World Eco­nomic Forum, https://www.weforum.org/ agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-andhow-to-respond/.
Stand­ing, G. (2010), The Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion, “New Polit­i­cal Econ­omy”, 15(2), pp. 307–318.
Stand­ing, G. (2008), The ILO: An Agency for Glob­al­iza­tion?, “Devel­op­ment and Change”, 38(3), p. 367.
Swep­ston, L. (2005), Adop­tion of Stan­dards by the Inter­na­tional Labour Organ­i­sa­tion: Lessons and Lim­i­ta­tions 2005, 11, para­graph 51.
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van der Hei­j­den, P. (2018), The ILO Stum­bling towards Its Cen­te­nary Anniver­sary, “Inter­na­tional Orga­ni­za­tion Law Review”, 15, pp. 203–220.
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Wolf­gang Scholz (Pro­fes­sor, Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, Sankt Augustin, Ger­many)
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL AND THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION – ORIGINS AND TRANSFORMATIONS (s. 25–31)
The paper describes the coop­er­a­tion between the Inter­na­tional Labour Organ­i­sa­tion (ILO) and the new post-WWII Euro­pean insti­tu­tions – mainly Coun­cil of Europe (CoE) and Euro­pean Eco­nomic Com­mu­nity (EEC) – in the field of social secu­rity. At the cen­tre of inter­est are ILO Con­ven­tion 102 (1952) and the ILO’s “Ohlin report” (1956) and how they have co-shaped the evo­lu­tion of the “Euro­pean Social Model” in the long run. In its sec­ond part, the paper nests these devel­op­ments into the par­a­digm change, that took place in the 1970s, from Key­ne­sian to neolib­eral poli­cies. While tak­ing due account of ILO–EU diver­gence in social pol­icy, which began in the 1960s, it describes in broad strokes the later impacts of the par­a­digm change on social pol­icy for­mu­la­tion in the (new) “com­pe­ti­tion state”, in which wel­fare (“the ESM”) was no longer the goal but became a means to strengthen eco­nomic performance.

Key words: Euro­pean Social Model, Inter­na­tional Labour Organ­i­sa­tion, Euro­pean Eco­nomic Com­mu­nity, Coun­cil of Europe, Con­ven­tion C102, Ohlin report, Euro­pean Code of Social Secu­rity, Key­ne­sian­ism, Neo-Liberalism, Par­a­digm change, Com­pe­ti­tion state

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Michael Cichon (Pro­fes­sor, Inter­na­tional Coun­cil on Social Wel­fare (ICSW), Fel­low)
LET US WALK THE TALK: THE RIGHT TO SOCIAL SECURITY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION – THE CASE FOR A NEW INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION (s. 31–36)
The human right to social secu­rity entered into inter­na­tional law in the mid­dle of the last cen­tury. In 2012 the Inter­na­tional Labour Con­fer­ence took the lat­est step towards the con­creti­sa­tion of this right when it adopted its rec­om­men­da­tion No. 202 (R202) con­cern­ing national floors of social pro­tec­tion. Shortly there­after, in 2015, the global com­mu­nity of nations adopted the Sus­tain­able Devel­op­ment Goals (SDGs) which con­tain a com­pre­hen­sive social pro­tec­tion agenda. Together, these two instru­ments set clear global objec­tives of social pro­tec­tion acces­si­ble to all peo­ple. It is argued here that the ILO or the UN have to take the next step and trans­form “soft” instru­ments of rec­om­men­da­tion and goals into “hard” ones and develop a new con­ven­tion on uni­ver­sal access to at least floor of social pro­tec­tion to a cre­ate true safe­guard for the right to social secu­rity and make it more dif­fi­cult to reverse achieved social progress.

Key words: Social secu­rity, social pro­tec­tion, human rights, ILO Rec­om­men­da­tion No. 202 con­cern­ing national floors of social pro­tec­tion, ILO con­ven­tions, Sus­tain­able Devel­op­ment Goals (SDGs)

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Cichon, M. (2019), From night watch­man to keeper of well-being: The his­tor­i­cal emer­gence of the con­cept and the right to social pro­tec­tion, A brief­ing note, forth­com­ing, ILO, Bangkok.
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Dea­con, B. (2013), Global Social Pol­icy in the Mak­ing: Foun­da­tions of Social Pro­tec­tion Floor, Pol­icy Press, Bris­tol.
FES (2019), From inter­na­tional ivory tow­ers to national real­i­ties: The chal­lenge to cre­ate national social dia­logues for social pro­tec­tion floors, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Berlin, forth­com­ing.
Fried­man, H.S. (2013), Causal Infer­ence and the Mil­len­nium Devel­op­ment Goals (MDGs): Assess­ing Whether There Was an Accel­er­a­tion in MDG Devel­op­ment Indi­ca­tors Fol­low­ing the MDG Dec­la­ra­tion, Colum­bia Uni­ver­sity.
Global Coali­tion for the Social Pro­tec­tion Floor (GCSPF), The IIMF’s New Pol­icy Frame­work on Social Pro­tec­tion – A view from the Global Coali­tion for Social Pro­tec­tion Floors, http://www.socialprotectionfloorscoal ition.org/2019/01/the-imfs-new-policy-framework-on-socialprotection/.
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ILO (2011b), Dec­la­ra­tion on Social Jus­tice for a Fair Glob­al­iza­tion, Inter­na­tional Labour Con­fer­ence, 100th Ses­sion, Geneva.
ILO (2011c), Social secu­rity and the rule of law, Inter­na­tional Labour Con­fer­ence, 100th Ses­sion, Geneva.
ILO (2012), Social secu­rity for all. Build­ing social pro­tec­tion floors and com­pre­hen­sive social secu­rity sys­tems, The strat­egy of the Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion, Geneva.
ILO (2014), Rules of The Game, A brief intro­duc­tion to Inter­na­tional Labour Stan­dards, Revised Edi­tion, Geneva.
ILO (2015), World Social Pro­tec­tion Report 2014/15, Geneva social.
ILO (2017), Build­ing pro­tec­tion sys­tems: Inter­na­tional stan­dards and human rights instru­ments, Inter­na­tional Labour Office, Geneva.
Ortiz, I., Duran-Valverde, F., Urban, S., Wod­sak, V. (2018), Revers­ing Pen­sion Pri­va­ti­za­tions – Rebuild­ing pub­lic pen­sion sys­tems in East­ern Europe and Latin Amer­ica, ILO, Geneva.
IMF (2019), A Strat­egy for IMF Engage­ment on Social Spend­ing, Pol­icy Paper 19/016, Wash­ing­ton, DC.
Moldalieva, J., Mut­taqien, A., Muzyamba, Ch., Osei, D., Stoykova, E., Le, N. (2016), Mil­len­nium Devel­op­ment Goals (MDGs): Did they change social real­ity?, MERIT Work­ing Paper 2016-035, United Nations Uni­ver­sity – Maas­tricht Eco­nomic and Social Research Insti­tute on Inno­va­tion and Tech­nol­ogy (MERIT).
Tru­man, P., Gen­tilini, U., Grosh, M., O’Keefe, Ph., Pala­cios, R., Robalino, D., San­tos, I. (2019), Pro­tect­ing All: Risk Shar­ing for a Diverse and Diver­si­fy­ing World of Work, Human Devel­op­ment Per­spec­tives, World Bank, Wash­ing­ton, DC.
Schild­berg, C., Cichon, M., eds. (2019), From inter­na­tional ivory tow­ers to national real­i­ties: The chal­lenge of cre­at­ing national social dia­logues for social pro­tec­tion floors 2019, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Global Pol­icy and Devel­op­ment, Berlin.
World Bank (2019), World Devel­op­ment Report 2019: The chang­ing nature of work, Wash­ing­ton, DC.

Gertruda Uścińska (Pro­fes­sor, Fac­ulty of Polit­i­cal Sci­ence and Inter­na­tional Stud­ies, Uni­ver­sity of War­saw)
Adri­anna Binaś (PhD Can­di­date, Fac­ulty of Polit­i­cal Sci­ence and Inter­na­tional Stud­ies, Uni­ver­sity of War­saw)
EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ILO CONVENTION NO. 102 BY POLAND (s. 36–41)
The arti­cle dis­cusses the social secu­rity stan­dards of Inter­na­tional Labour Organ­i­sa­tion (ILO), mainly the ILO Con­ven­tion No. 102 on min­i­mum social secu­rity stan­dards. The paper presents an assess­ment of the imple­men­ta­tion by Poland of this key social secu­rity con­ven­tion and con­clu­sions drawn from the assessment.

Key words: ILO, social secu­rity, ILO Con­ven­tion No. 102, Poland, ILO stan­dards

Ref­er­ences
Direct Request (CEACR), adopted in 2006, pub­lished dur­ing the 96th ses­sion of the ILC (2007).
Direct Request (CEACR), adopted in 2012, pub­lished dur­ing the 102th ses­sion of the ILC (2013).
First Report by the Gov­ern­ment of the Repub­lic of Poland on Con­ven­tion No 102 on min­i­mum social secu­rity stan­dards, 1952 (2005), War­saw.
Report for the period from 1 July 2005 to 30 June 2006 drawn up by the Gov­ern­ment of the Repub­lic of Poland under Con­ven­tion No 102 on min­i­mum social secu­rity stan­dards of 1952 (2006), War­saw.
Report for the period from 1 July 2006 to 30 June 2011 drawn up by the Gov­ern­ment of the Repub­lic of Poland on the ILO Con­ven­tion No. 102 on min­i­mum social secu­rity stan­dards of 1952 (2011), War­saw.
Report for the period from 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2016 drawn up by the Gov­ern­ment of the Repub­lic of Poland on the ILO Con­ven­tion No. 102 on min­i­mum social secu­rity stan­dards of 1952 (2016), War­saw.
Uścińska, G. (2005a), Euro­pean Social Secu­rity Stan­dards and Con­tem­po­rary Pol­ish Solu­tions, ILSS, War­saw.
Uścińska, G. (2005b), Social secu­rity ben­e­fits under inter­na­tional and Pol­ish leg­is­la­tion. Com­par­a­tive study, ILSS, War­saw.
Zalewska, H., Markowska, H., Uścińska, G., ed. (2005), Adden­dum. Com­par­a­tive cal­cu­la­tions: social secu­rity stan­dards, Stud­ies and Mono­graphs, ILSS, Warsaw.

Jan­ina Petel­czyc (PhD, SGH War­saw School of Eco­nom­ics)
THE ROLE OF ILO STANDARDS IN SHAPING SOCIAL PROTECTION IN GLOBAL SOUTH COUNTRIES: EXAMPLE OF BRAZIL (s. 41–46)
This paper focuses on the actions of the ILO towards Global South, with Brazil as a focal point. As the Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion has changed its par­a­digm dur­ing one hun­dred years of exis­tence, the poli­cies toward Global South have also altered. Brazil is a coun­try often evoked in the ILO reports as an exam­ple of good prac­tices, i.e. the coun­try that has taken mil­lions of its inhab­i­tants out of poverty. The study shows that ILO stan­dards can be eas­ier achieved when other impor­tant con­di­tions are also ful­filled: espe­cially good eco­nomic sit­u­a­tion and gov­ern­ment favourable to social change as well as active civil soci­ety and its pres­sure on reform and change.

Key words: ILO, Social Secu­rity, Brazil, Global South

Ref­er­ences
Bar­bosa, F., Holanda, F., de Moura, R.L. (2012), Evolução recente da infor­mal­i­dade no Brasil: uma analise segundo car­ac­terís­ti­cas da oferta e demanda de tra­balho, Texto para dis­cussão No.17, Insti­tuto Brasileiro de Economia-Fundação Getúlio Var­gas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Barth, P. (1969), Social Secu­rity and Eco­nomic Devel­op­ment: A Quan­ti­ta­tive Approach, “ILR Review”, 22(2), p. 257–259.
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Crocitti, J., Val­lance, M. (2012), Brazil Today, an ency­clo­pe­dia of life in the Repub­lic, Cal­i­for­nia, p. 215.
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Guhan, S. (1994), Social secu­rity options for devel­op­ing coun­tries, in: Figueiredo, J.B., Sha­heed, Z. (eds.), New Approaches to Poverty Analy­sis and Pol­icy, Geneva.
Hage­me­jer, K., McK­in­non, R. (2013), The role of national social pro­tec­tion floors in extend­ing social secu­rity to all, “Inter­na­tional Social Secu­rity Review”, 66(3–4).
ILO (1931), The Inter­na­tional Labour Organ­i­sa­tion: The First Decade, George Allen and Unwin, for the ILO, Lon­don.
ILO (2010), Effects of non-contributory social trans­fers in devel­op­ing coun­tries: A Com­pendium, Work­ing Paper, Inter­na­tional Labour Office, Geneva.
ILC (2012), Report of the Com­mit­tee on the Social Pro­tec­tion Floor, 101st Ses­sion, Inter­na­tional Labour Con­fer­ence, May–June, Geneva.
ILO (2014a), Tran­si­tion­ing from the infor­mal to the for­mal econ­omy, report pre­sented at Inter­na­tional Labour Con­fer­ence, 103rd Ses­sion, 28 May – 12 June, Geneva.
ILO (2014b), Mater­nity and pater­nity at work, Law and prac­tice across the world, Geneva.
ILO (2016), The ILO in Brazil, June, Geneva.
ILO (2017), World Social Pro­tec­tion Report 2017–2019. Uni­ver­sal social pro­tec­tion to achieve the Sus­tain­able Devel­op­ment Goals, Geneva.
ILO (2017b), ILO, UNICEF and World Bank: Under­stand­ing trends in child labour, a joint ILO–UNICEF–The World Bank report, Rome.
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Laigle­sia, J. (2011), Cov­er­age gaps in social pro­tec­tion: what role for insti­tu­tional inno­va­tions?, Paper pre­pared for the inter­na­tional con­fer­ence on Social Cohe­sion and Devel­op­ment, OECD Devel­op­ment Cen­tre.
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Madrid, R. (2005), Ideas, Eco­nomic Pres­sures, and Pen­sion Pri­va­ti­za­tion, “Latin Amer­i­can Pol­i­tics and Soci­ety”, 47(2), pp. 23–50.
Mesa-Lago, C., Muller, K. (2002), The Pol­i­tics of Pen­sion Reform in Latin Amer­ica, “Jour­nal of Latin Amer­i­can Stud­ies”, 34(3), pp. 687–715.
Midg­ley, J., Tang, K., eds. (2008), Social Secu­rity, the Econ­omy and Devel­op­ment, Pal­grave Macmil­lan, UK.
Mor­gan, M. (2017), Extreme and per­sis­tent Inequal­ity: New Evi­dence for Brazil Com­bin­ing National Accounts, sur­vey and fis­cal Data, WID.world Work­ing Paper Series No. 2017.12.
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Petel­czyc, J. (2011), Na drodze społecznego roz­woju. Współczesna poli­tyka społeczno-gospodarcza w Brazylii, [On the way of social devel­op­ment. Con­tem­po­rary social and eco­nomic pol­icy in Brasil], „Prob­lemy Poli­tyki Społecznej”, nr 16.
Petel­czyc, J. (2012), Nowe Zalece­nie MOP nr 202 doty­czące pod­staw ochrony soc­jal­nej, „Zabez­piecze­nie Społeczne. Teo­ria, Prawo, Prak­tyka. Zeszyty Naukowe Zakładu Zabez­pieczenia Społecznego”, nr 1 [Rec­om­men­da­tion no. 202 con­cern­ing national floors for social pro­tec­tion, “Social Secu­rity. The­ory. Law. Prac­tice”, No. 1].
Petel­czyc, J. (2013), Brazylia jako lider pomocy na linii południe-południe. Casus Afryki, [Brazil as a South-South coop­er­a­tion leader. African Casus], in: Gawrycki M. (red.), Brazylia jako mocarstwo wschodzące, [Brazil as an emerg­ing power], Insty­tut Studiów Iberyjs­kich i Iberoamerykańs­kich UW, Warszawa.
Romanello, M., Oliveira-Gonclaves, F. (2017), The tran­si­tion of brazil­ian work­ers to for­mal­ity: evi­dences from dura­tion analy­sis, “Economía, Sociedad y Ter­ri­to­rio”, vol. xvii, núm. 54.
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Woj­ciech Zalewski (Kielce Dis­trict Labour Inspec­torate)
FRANCISZEK SOKAL AND HIS ROLE IN THE ILO – IN MEMORIAM (s. 47–48)
The paper presents per­son­al­ity of Fran­ciszek Sokal, the first chief labour inspec­tor in inde­pen­dent Poland after the World War I, a val­ued politi­cian and diplo­mat. F. Sokal also played a sig­nif­i­cant role in estab­lish­ing and shap­ing the Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion in the first decade of its operation.

Key words: Fran­ciszek Sokal, labour inspec­tion, Inter­na­tional Labour Orga­ni­za­tion

Ref­er­ences
Beck, J. (2015), Wspom­nienia o pol­skiej poli­tyce zagranicznej 1926–1939, [Mem­o­ries of the Pol­ish for­eign pol­icy 1926–1939], Wydawnictwo WINGERT, Warszawa–Kraków.
Kirstowa, M., Kra­hel­ska, H., Wol­ski, S. (1936), Ze wspom­nień inspek­tora pracy [From Labour Inspec­tor Mem­oires], t. I, Warszawa; za por­talem [cited after] www.lewicowo.pl.
Kozłowski, T. (2011), Inspekcja pracy na ziemi­ach pol­s­kich pod zab­o­rami, [Labour Inspec­tion in par­ti­tioned Poland], „Acta Uni­ver­si­tatis Wratislavien­sis” No 3375, Prawo CCCXIII, Wrocław.
Mater­ski, W. (1994), Tar­cza Europy – sto­sunki polsko-sowieckie 1918–1939 [The Shield of Europe – Polish-Soviet rela­tions 1918–1939], Książka i Wiedza, Warszawa.
Sokal, F. (1920), Komisja Pracy kon­fer­encji poko­jowej w Paryżu 1919. Spra­woz­danie Del­e­gata Min­is­terstwa Pracy i Poli­tyki Społecznej, [Labour Com­mit­tee at the Paris Peace Con­fer­ence in 1919. Report of the Del­e­gate of the Min­istry of Labour and Social Pol­icy], MPiPS, Warszawa.

About the authors

Adri­anna Binaś – PhD stu­dent at the Fac­ulty of Polit­i­cal Sci­ence and Inter­na­tional Stud­ies at the Uni­ver­sity of War­saw. Award win­ner for the first place in the 11th edi­tion of the Com­pe­ti­tion of the Children’s Rights Ombuds­man for the best master’s the­ses on the issues of children’s rights and the third place in the 19th edi­tion of the Com­pe­ti­tion of the Insti­tute of Labour and Social Affairs for the best master’s the­ses in the field of work and social pol­icy. She was awarded a schol­ar­ship by the Rec­tor of the Uni­ver­sity of War­saw, the Jerzy Juzon Edu­ca­tional Foun­da­tion and New Mil­len­nium Work Foun­da­tion. The author’s sci­en­tific inter­ests include social human rights, labour law and social security.

Michael Cichon is a math­e­mati­cian, econ­o­mist and pub­lic pol­icy spe­cial­ist by aca­d­e­mic train­ing. He had a 40 year career in national gov­ern­ment, inter­na­tional organ­i­sa­tions, civil soci­ety and acad­e­mia. He was Direc­tor of the ILO’s Social Secu­rity Depart­ment (2005–2012).  From 2013 to 2018 he held a posi­tion as hon­orary pro­fes­sor of social pro­tec­tion at the Grad­u­ate School of Gov­er­nance of Maas­tricht University/United Nations Uni­ver­sity in the Nether­lands. He is a fel­low of the Inter­na­tional Coun­cil of Social Wel­fare (ICSW) and its imme­di­ate past President.

Krzysztof Hage­me­jer – Hon­orary Pro­fes­sor and lec­turer at Bonn-Rhein-Sieg Uni­ver­sity of Applied Sci­ences, Ger­many (Depart­ment of Social Pol­icy and Social Secu­rity), senior researcher at Inter­na­tional Cen­tre for Research and Analy­sis ICRA and lec­turer at Col­legium Civ­i­tas, War­saw and Maas­tricht Grad­u­ate School of Gov­ern­ment (at UNU MERIT). Econ­o­mist, spe­cial­iz­ing in eco­nom­ics and financ­ing of social pro­tec­tion poli­cies. Between 1993 and 2014 senior offi­cial at Social Pro­tec­tion Depart­ment of the Inter­na­tional Labour Organ­i­sa­tion in Geneva, 2013–2014 Chief of Social Pro­tec­tion Pol­icy, Stan­dards and Gov­er­nance Branch. Key mem­ber of the team prepar­ing ILO Rec­om­men­da­tion no 202 con­cern­ing National Floors of Social Pro­tec­tion, adopted by the Inter­na­tional Labour Con­fer­ence in 2012.

Jacek Męcina – Lawyer and polit­i­cal sci­en­tist, he spe­cial­izes in issues of labour law, labour rela­tions and social dia­logue and employ­ment pol­icy and labour mar­ket pol­icy. From 1993, lec­turer at the Uni­ver­sity of War­saw, asso­ciate pro­fes­sor at the Fac­ulty of Polit­i­cal Sci­ences and Inter­na­tional Stud­ies at the Uni­ver­sity of War­saw. Head of the Depart­ment of Labour Sys­tem and Labour Mar­ket Fac­ulty of Polit­i­cal Sci­ences and Inter­na­tional Stud­ies UW. Vice-director of the Insti­tute of Labour and Social Affairs (1997–2000). He was a mem­ber of the Tri­par­tite Com­mis­sion for Socio-Economic Affairs, Deputy Min­is­ter of Econ­omy and Labour (2005), Sec­re­tary of State at the Min­istry of Labour and Social Pol­icy (2012–2015). Author of over 100 books, arti­cles and stud­ies in the field of labour law, labour rela­tions, social dia­logue as well as employ­ment pol­icy and the labour market.

Cristina Mihes – Ph.D., senior spe­cial­ist in social dia­logue, labour law and inter­na­tional labour stan­dards with the ILO Decent Work Tech­ni­cal Sup­port Team and Coun­try Office for Cen­tral and East­ern Europe. Inter­ests include inter­na­tional pub­lic law, com­par­a­tive labour law and pol­icy, alter­na­tive res­o­lu­tion of labour dis­putes, inno­v­a­tive ways of mod­ern­iz­ing social dia­logue insti­tu­tions and processes. In recent years focused mainly on tech­ni­cal assis­tance in labour and indus­trial rela­tions reforms, devel­op­ment of sys­tems of extra-judicial res­o­lu­tion of labour dis­pute and appli­ca­tion of inter­na­tional labour stan­dards in EU mem­ber states and acces­sion coun­tries in Cen­tral and East­ern Europe.

Michał Niedziela – Grad­u­ate of the Fac­ulty of Jour­nal­ism and Polit­i­cal Sci­ence at the Uni­ver­sity of War­saw and the War­saw School of Eco­nom­ics. Stu­dent at the War­saw Uni­ver­sity of Tech­nol­ogy and a doc­toral stu­dent at the Fac­ulty of Polit­i­cal Sci­ences and Inter­na­tional Stud­ies at the Uni­ver­sity of War­saw. In his research, he focuses pri­mar­ily on the issue of com­pen­sa­tion and ben­e­fits, labour mar­ket, labour eco­nom­ics and human resource man­age­ment.

Jan­ina Petel­czyc – PhD, War­saw School of Eco­nom­ics. Her areas of exper­tise are social secu­rity, espe­cially pen­sion sys­tems, addi­tional pen­sion funds, pen­sion funds invest­ment and inter­na­tional com­par­a­tive social pol­icy.

Wolf­gang Scholz – stud­ied eco­nom­ics at the Uni­ver­sity of Bonn, Ger­many. He worked as a macro-economist in the Ger­man Fed­eral Min­istry of Labour and Social Affairs (BMA) where he held the post of Chief of the Social Bud­get Divi­sion before join­ing in 1994 the Inter­na­tional Labour Office (ILO), Geneva, Switzer­land. At the ILO, he mainly engaged in analysing the finan­cial and social sus­tain­abil­ity of social secu­rity sys­tems in around 40 coun­tries, includ­ing in Europe and East Asia. After retire­ment, he occa­sion­ally works as a social secu­rity con­sul­tant and offers lec­tures and sem­i­nars in social secu­rity and eco­nom­ics to bach­e­lor and mas­ter stu­dents at the Tech­ni­cal Uni­ver­sity of Sankt Augustin, Ger­many. He co-authored a few books, includ­ing on social bud­get­ing and the long-term future of Germany’s social bud­get, and pub­lished arti­cles on var­i­ous national and inter­na­tional social pol­icy issues.

Werner Sen­gen­berger – Ph.D. in Labour Eco­nom­ics and Indus­trial Rela­tions. For­mer direc­tor of the Employ­ment Strat­egy Depart­ment of the ILO; for­mer direc­tor of the ILO Office for Cen­tral and East­ern Europe in Budapest.

Bar­bara Sur­dykowska – lawyer, works at the Expert Office of the National Com­mis­sion of “Sol­i­darność” Inde­pen­dent, Self-Governing Trade Unions, where she advises on the mat­ters related to col­lec­tive bar­gain­ing and dis­putes. A trade union expert, a mem­ber the Social Secu­rity Team report­ing to the Social Dia­logue Coun­cil. A mem­ber of the team of cor­re­spon­dents of the Dublin Euro­found Foun­da­tion in Poland. A par­tic­u­lar area of research inter­est is the Euro­peaniza­tion of indus­trial rela­tions and its impact on the prac­tice of dia­logue in Poland.

Gertruda Uścińska – pro­fes­sor, habil­i­tated doc­tor, lawyer, researcher and lec­turer at the Uni­ver­sity of War­saw, pro­fes­sor at the Depart­ment of Labour Law and Social Secu­rity at the Insti­tute of Labour and Social Affairs. A mem­ber of the Labour and Social Pol­icy Sci­ences Com­mit­tee of the Pol­ish Acad­emy of Sci­ences and many sci­en­tific and advi­sory bod­ies and expert groups. The Pres­i­dent of the Social Insur­ance Insti­tu­tion (ZUS). Spe­cial­izes in the Euro­pean Union law and inter­na­tional social law. Recog­nised author­ity at home and abroad in the field of labour law, social secu­rity, coor­di­na­tion of secu­rity sys­tems and free move­ment of peo­ple; Euro­pean expert on research pro­grammes of uni­ver­si­ties and research insti­tutes of the Mem­ber States of the Euro­pean Union (Uni­ver­sity of Antwerp, Ghent, Max Planck Insti­tute and oth­ers) in con­nec­tion with the imple­men­ta­tion of EU pro­grammes (Con­sen­sus, Spe­cial, LAW, TrESS, FreSsco, MoveS). Author of numer­ous pub­li­ca­tions on social pol­icy, social secu­rity, Euro­pean law and com­par­a­tive social pol­icy. Prof. Uścińska has many years of expe­ri­ence in the appli­ca­tion of social secu­rity law and inter­na­tional social law. Recip­i­ent of inter­na­tional and national dec­o­ra­tions. Win­ner of many awards and dis­tinc­tions granted by pub­lic insti­tu­tions, uni­ver­si­ties, sci­en­tific bod­ies and social orga­ni­za­tions. 

Krzysztof Zalewski – holds master’s degree in law, a grad­u­ate from Maria Curie-Skłodowska Uni­ver­sity in Lublin (1994) and post­grad­u­ate stud­ies in Human Resources Man­age­ment at the Pro­fes­sor Edward Lip­iński Higher School of Eco­nom­ics, Law and Med­ical Sci­ences in Kielce, senior labour inspector/specialist employed at the Dis­trict Labour Inspec­torate in Kielce.

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